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To explore the feasibility of applying magnetic stimulation technology to the movement control of animal robots, the influence of coil radius, number of turns and other factors on the intensity, depth and focus of magnetic stimulation was simulated and analyzed for robot pigeons. The coil design scheme was proposed. The coil was placed on the head and one of the legs of the pigeon, and the leg electromyography (EMG) was recorded when magnetic stimulation was performed. Results showed that the EMG was significantly strengthened during magnetic stimulation. With the reduction of the output frequency of the magnetic stimulation system, the output current was increased and the EMG was enhanced accordingly. Compared with the brain magnetic stimulation, sciatic nerve stimulation produced a more significant EMG enhancement response. This indicated that the magnetic stimulation system could effectively modulate the functions of brain and peripheral nerves by driving the coil. This study provides theoretical and experimental guidance for the subsequent optimization and improvement of practical coils, and lays a preliminary theoretical and experimental foundation for the implementation of magnetic stimulation motion control of animal robots.
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Animals , Columbidae , Robotics , Motion , Brain , Magnetic PhenomenaABSTRACT
Objective To discuss the discovery of stent graft mis-deployed into false lumen during aortic dissection treatment and re-deployment.Methods Retrospective analysis of the data of deployment of the stent-graft into the false lumen in the initial treatment of aortic dissection between January 2013 to December 2017.Of the five cases,there were three males and two females,range from 28 to 52 year old.Two patients,suffered from acute Stanford type A aortic dissection,with aortic surgical replacement and circulatory elephant trunk technique,displayed the visceral ischemia and internal environment disorder postoperatively.An emergency CT angiography showed that the deployed stent-graft was in the false lumen.Another two cases with sub-acute Stanford type B aortic dissection underwent TEVAR.The stent-grafts were put in the false lumen intra-operatively,one patient with pregnancy-induced hypertension suffered from acute Stanford type B aortic dissection.An emergency endovascular repair was set under general anesthesia to deal with this problem.New stent-graft was utilized to correct the blood flow into true lumen via flap fenestration or secondary intimal tear.Results The successful rate of this operation was 100％.Time of surgery spanned from 45 minutes to 120 minutes,and blood loss was estimated to be from 50 ml to 100 ml.Five stent grafts were placed with 160 mm length and 6 mm taper and one was 120 mm length and 10 mm taper.Patients were observed in ICU for three days and discharged from hospital after seven days.No complications such as paraplegia,visceral ischemia,etc occurred.Postoperative aortic CTA one month later showed no complications,such as endoleak,etc.The stents were in ideal position,with fluent blood flow of aorta and major visceral artery.Conclusions Deployment of the stent-graft in the false lumen is a rare and critical complication in the treatment of aortic dissection.In addition to clinical manifestations and laboratory tests,aortic CTA could identify this complication quickly and accurately.Endovascular repair was recommended as primary treatment of choice,which could re-direct the blood flow into true lumen via flap fenestration or secondary intimal tear technology quickly and effectively.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect of emergency thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in patients with acute traumatic thoracic aortic injury. @*Method@#From January 2014 to December 2016, a total of 35 patients with acute traumatic thoracic aortic injuries were treated with emergency TEVAR in our hospital, their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively in this study.@*Results@#The patients were 42 (34, 55) years old,and there were 31 males.All cases were diagnosed by emergency aorta computed tomography angiography (CTA),and 5 cases were diagnosed as aortic transaction, 13 cases were diagnosed as aortic pseudoaneurysm, 7 cases were diagnosed as aortic dissection, and 10 cases were diagnosed as aortic intramural hematoma combined hemothorax.The concomitant injuries included cerebral contusion (3 cases, 8.6%), pulmonary contusion with rib fracture (31 cases, 88.5%), long bone fracture (7 cases, 22.5%), contusion of viscera or internal organs (3 cases, 8.6%).Emergency TEVAR were performed with vascular suture system preset under local anesthesia after diagnosis,and combined injury was treated in related departments.CTA was repeated after 1, 3 and 6 months and yearly thereafter. One patient died before transferring to catheter room,and 34 (97.1%) patients underwent TEVAR procedure successfully.Time from door to operating room was (88.6±26.6) minutes,and the procedure time was (52.0±9.4) minutes. A total of 69 Perclose Proglide vascular suture system were used,and 2 cases underwent surgical suture because of hematoma and pseudoaneurysm formation in femoral arteries.The involved length of thoracic aorta was (44.5±7.4)mm. A total of 46 stent-grafts were implanted, the length of stent-graft was (164.3±15.2)mm,and the proximal oversize rate was (22.3±8.6)%. The follow-up time was 24 (12,24) months, and there were no procedure related complication such as endoleak and paraplegia. Complete aortic remodeling was observed in 14 cases. Fully thrombolization at stent segments were observed in 7 cases. Fully thrombalization of pseudoaneurysms were observed in 13 cases. One patient complained mild left upper limb weakness due to left subclavian artery occlusion.@*Conclusion@#Emergency TEVAR is safe and effective procedure for the treatment of patients with acute traumatic thoracic aortic injury.
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Objective@#To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of transcatheter closure of anastomotic leakage after aortic surgery using Amplatzer Vascular Plug Ⅲ (AVP Ⅲ).@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis was performed in 5 patients with anastomotic leakage after aortic surgery, who underwent transcatheter closure in our hospital from January to June 2017 using AVP Ⅲ. Surgeries were performed in 3 cases of Standford type A dissection, 1 case of ascending aortic aneurysm and 1 case of persistent truncus.There were 3 males,and age was (43.8±13.1) years old. Anastomotic leakages located at the ascending aorta in 4 patients, and the other one located between the aortic arch and the stent-graft.Three of them had aorta-right atrium fistula and patients suffered from progressive heart failure. False aneurysm between aorta and pulmonary artery was formed in 1 patient, and patent aortic false lumenwas found in the other patient. All the AVP Ⅲ were deployed based on a femoral arteriosus loop. Patients were followed up after transcatheter closure to observe the clinical results.@*Results@#Six AVP Ⅲ were successfully implanted in the 5 patients. Trivial residual shunt was seen in 1 patient after closure. The patients were followed up 6 (1, 6) months. The cardiac function improved from NYHA class Ⅱ-Ⅳ to class Ⅰ-Ⅱ after the procedure in 3 congestive heart failure patients.The right atrium systolic pressure was significantly reduced after the procedure((8.7±1.8) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (24.3±2.3) mmHg, P=0.03). The diameter of the false aneurysm reduced in 1 patient after the procedure. Complete thrombosis formation of the thoracic false lumen was observed in 1 patient.@*Conclusion@#Transcatheter closure of anastomotic leakage after aortic surgery using AVP Ⅲ is feasible and effective according to our primary experience.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) inhibiting follicular helper T cells (Tfh cells).@*Methods@#The contents of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), IL-10, TGF-β and IL-21 in MSC culture supernatant were detected by ELISA; The peripheral blood of healthy volunteers were collected, and lymphocyte in peripheral blood was separated by human lymphocyte separation solution; Co-cultures of MSC and lymphocyte were performed by Transwell chamber, and the proportion of CD4+CXCR5+ Tfh cells and their subtypes were detected by flow cytometry.@*Results@#①The concentrations of IL-10, TGF-β, and IDO in the supernatant of BDNF group (BDNF-stimulated MSC) were higher than those of the control ones (adding PBS with the same volume) [IL-10: (42.1±4.4) ng/ml vs (19.3±2.1) ng/ml, t=4.761, P=0.009; TGF-β: (13.9±1.7) ng/ml vs (5.3±0.6) ng/ml, t=5.129, P=0.008; IDO: (441.3±56.9) ng/ml vs (226.7±37.6) ng/ml, t=3.130, P=0.035]; ②The comparisons between BDNF (co-culture of lymphocyte and BDNF-stimulated MSC) and MSC groups (co-culture of lymphocyte and MSC) were detailed as of follows: the proportion of CD4+ CXCR5+Tfh cells were lower [(3.37±0.21)% vs (6.51±0.27)%, t=9.353, P<0.001], the proportion of CD4+ CXCR5+CXCR3+ CCR6- Tfh cells were higher [(41.14±2.04)% vs (26.72±2.57)%, t=4.383, P=0.012], CD4+CXCR5+CXCR3-CCR6- Tfh2 cells and CD4+CXCR5+CXCR3-CCR6+ Tfh17 cells were lower [Tfh2: (30.16±5.38)% vs (43.26±4.11)%, t=4.426, P=0.012; Tfh17: (15.61±1.52)% vs (22.32±0.72)%, t=4.202, P=0.014], the proportion of CD4+CXCR5+Foxp3+ Tfr cells were higher [(4.95±0.22)% vs (2.32±0.16)%, t=10.241, P<0.001], the concentration of IL-21 in the lymphocyte supernatant was lower [(0.28±0.03) ng/ml vs (0.85±0.08) ng/ml, t=6.675, P=0.003].@*Conclusion@#BDNF could enhance the inhibitory effect of MSC on Tfh cells through inhibiting the increasing of Tfh cells and the differentiations of Tfh2 and Tfh17 cells.
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Objective To analyze the safety and efficacy of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA) with hostile aortic proximal landing anatomy. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 147 AAA patients [135 males, (68.7 ± 8.9) years old, range 43-85 years old] with hostile aortic proximal landing anatomy treated by EVAR from January 2012 to December 2014 in our center were retrospectively analyzed. The range of maximum aneurysm diameter was 45-100 mm; the length range of proximal aneurysm neck was 7-32 mm;the width range of proximal aneurysm neck was 15-30 mm, and the infrarenal angulation was 10°-90° . In addition, there were atherosclerotic changes in the proximal neck in 43 cases. Follow-up protocol consisted of evaluation of clinical symptoms and cTA at 3, 6 and 12 months and annually thereafter. Results The technical success rate was 100%. Different procedures were adopted among patients, with 113 cases of EVAR, 3 cases of fenestrated EVAR and 24 cases of chimney EVAR. The intra-operative type Ia endoleak was observed in 32 cases, in which 25 of them were successfully treated by balloon angioplasty and the other 9 patients were treated with Cuff extension. During the mean follow-up period of 18 months (6-42 months), the accumulative survival rate was 98.0%(144/147),the patency rate of stents was 99.3%(146/147), and the thrombosis rate of aneurysm was 97.3%(143/147). Two patients died because of aneurysm rupture, and another case died of unknown reason. Two patients underwent secondary intervention successfully for the treatment of thrombosis formation and lumen occlusion in unilateral iliac stent in 1 case, and type Ⅲ endoleak in another case. No other complications such as misplace of stent grafts, no bilateral limb ischemia and stent infection were observed during follow-up. Conclusions EVAR is a safe and effective option to treat AAA with hostile aortic proximal landing anatomy. Choosing the most suitable stent-graft, the combination of various interventional techniques and close postoperative follow-up are the key points for successful treatment.
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Objective To investigate the prognosis and survival situation of the patients with high risk refractory lymphoma treated by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation .Methods The follow up data in 110 patients with high risk refractory lymphoma treated by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed .The survival and prognosis factors of the patients after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were analyzed by using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis .Results The median survival time was 39 .4 months in 110 cases ,the 3‐year overall survival rate (OS) and progression free survival rate (PFS) were 80 .9% and 76 .4% respectively .The pa‐tients achieved CR status before transplantation(P=0 .016) and consolidation therapy after transplantation (P=0 .006) were the favorable prognostic factors of the patients undergoing transplantation .The prognosis in the patients with high LDH values ,IPI score>2 and bone marrow infiltration and HBV infection were poor(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can improve the long‐term survival rate in the patients with high risk refractory lymphoma .
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The present study was designed to determine the chemical constituents of EtOAc extracts of the aerial parts of Isodon wikstroemioides. Compounds 1-8 were isolated and purified by normal-phase silica gel and reversed-phase C18silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods. Most of them were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity against human cancer HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW-480 cells and their inhibitory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. Among the eight 11, 20-epoxy-ent-kauranoids isolated, compounds 1-6 (isowikstroemins H-M) were new diterpenoids. Compounds 1, 3, and 7 exhibited significant cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from (0.84 ± 0.02) to (4.09 ± 0.34) μmol · L(-1), while compounds 4 and 5 showed selective cytotoxicity. In addition, compounds 1, 3, 4, and 7 exhibited inhibitory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. These results provide a basis for future development of these compounds as anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Humans , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Cell Line, Tumor , Diterpenes, Kaurane , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Isodon , Chemistry , Lipopolysaccharides , Pharmacology , Macrophages , Metabolism , Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Nitric Oxide , Phytotherapy , Plant Components, Aerial , Plant ExtractsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of pectic polysaccharides extracted from Rauwolfia verticillata (Lour.) Baill.var.hainanensis Tsiang on an experimental murine colitis model.@*METHODS@#Experimental colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and mice were divided into 4 groups: control, DSS alone, DSS plus SASP, DSS plus pectic polysaccharides. The disease activity index (DAI) and histological score were observed. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α and interleukin (IL)-17 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. I κ B and NF- κ B p65 expression were assessed by western blot analysis. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was determined by using MPO assay kit.@*RESULTS@#Administration of pectic polysaccharides significantly reduced the severity of DSS-induced colitis as assessed by DAI and histological score, and resulted in down regulation of MPO activity and NF- κ B p65 expression and subsequent degradation of I κ B protein, strikingly reduced the production of TNF- a and IL-17.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Pectic polysaccharides extracted from Rauvolfia verticillata (Lour.)Baill.var. hainanensis Tsiang exerts beneficial effects in experimental colitis and may therefore provide a useful therapeutic approach for the treatment of UC.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of pectic polysaccharides extracted from Rauwolfia verticillata (Lour.) Baill.var.hainanensis Tsiang on an experimental murine colitis model. Methods: Experimental colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and mice were divided into 4 groups: control, DSS alone, DSS plus SASP, DSS plus pectic polysaccharides. The disease activity index (DAI) and histological score were observed. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α and interleukin (IL)-17 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. I κ B and NF- κ B p65 expression were assessed by western blot analysis. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was determined by using MPO assay kit. Results: Administration of pectic polysaccharides significantly reduced the severity of DSS-induced colitis as assessed by DAI and histological score, and resulted in down regulation of MPO activity and NF- κ B p65 expression and subsequent degradation of I κ B protein, strikingly reduced the production of TNF- a and IL-17. Conclusions: Pectic polysaccharides extracted from Rauvolfia verticillata (Lour.)Baill.var. hainanensis Tsiang exerts beneficial effects in experimental colitis and may therefore provide a useful therapeutic approach for the treatment of UC.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the biological effect of longikaurin A on multiple myeloma H929 cells. Effects of oridonin and longikaurin A on proliferation of H929 cells were evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Cell morphological features of H929 cells were examined under inverted phase contrast microscope. Apoptosis was determined by Annexin V/PI staining. Expression of caspase-3, caspase-9, and PARP were detected by Western blot. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was determined by DCFDA assay. The results showed that longikaurin A (IC(50) 0.85 µmol/L) was more effective than oridonin ((IC(50) 10.66 µmol/L) to inhibit the proliferation of H929 cells. Treatment with longikaurin 2 µmol/L significantly increased the percentage of Annexin V positive cells. Caspase-3 and caspase-9 were activated and PARP, one substrate of caspase-3, was cleaved into 85 kDa fragments. The ROS scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine significantly blocked apoptosis induced by longikaurin A. However, longikaurin A did not increase the ROS level in H929 cells. It is concluded that longikaurin A is more effective than oridonin to induce apoptosis in multiple myeloma H929 cells without increasing the ROS level.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Caspase 3 , Metabolism , Caspase 9 , Metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Diterpenes, Kaurane , Pharmacology , Multiple Myeloma , Pathology , Reactive Oxygen Species , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To explore the feasibility of evaluating cardiac structure, coronary artery,pulmonary artery and cardiac function in one single scan by 320-row CT ECG-gated double phase cardiac function scan mode. MethodsForty patients underwent the 320-detector row CT double phase cardiovascular angiography. The pulmonary phase and aortic phase were reconstructed in order to evaluate the pulmonary and coronary artery. MPR reconstructions of both pulmonary and aortic phase were used to analyze the function of the two ventricles. And the results of the cardiac function were compared with those of transthoracic echocardiography. Thirty-five cases could be analyzed and diagnosed, while the other 5 cases had to be given up because of the poor imaging quality. The mean heart rate was (71.2 ± 11.2) beat per min (bpm). No arrhythmia case included. Results ( 1 ) Pulmonary embolism were diagnosed in 11 cases,coronary artery disease (CAD) were found in 5 cases, while post-stent implantation were observed in 7 cases. Six cases of congenital heart disease were diagnosed with 3 ASD and 3 primary pulmonary hypertension. Another one was diagnosed with left atrial myxoma, and 5 cases were pulmonary embolism associated with CAD. All of above cases were verified by final clinical diagnosis. (2) The heart function parameters including LVEDd , RVEDd, LVESd, RVESd and LVEF were (36.7 ±3.3), (43.3 ± 3.4) mm,(31.6±5.1), (41.3 ±5.1) mm and (47.1 ±15.1) for CT, while those were (40.3 ±3.1), (47.3 ±4.2) mm,(37.3 ±5.6), (45.3 ±3.3) mm,and (46.0 ± 14.8) for ultrasound, respectively. The CT results were correlated with the ultrasound ( n = 35, r = 0.886-0.988, P ＜ 0.01 ). (3) The average radiation exposure was ( 5.4 ± 0.5 ) mSv. Conclusions 320-row CT ECG-gated double phase cardiac function scan mode is feasible for the "one-stop-shop" examination of the cardiovascular disease. This noninvasive method is recommended for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cardiovascular disease.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography (DE-CTPA) and dual-energy CT lung perfusion (DE-CTLP) in the assessment of pulmonary embolism comparing with pulmonary ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy. Methods Fifty patients suspected of PE (26 males, 24 females) underwent both DE-CTPA, DE-CTLP and pulmonary ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy. The results were compared and the correlation between the intravascular clots in DE-CTPA and the perfusion defects in DE-CTLP was analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of DE-CTLP for PE were assessed according to scintigraphic results which was considered as a "gold" standard. Result ( 1 ) Of 50 cases,920 segments in 46 cases were diagnostable, 4 cases were not included because of the poor image quality. lntravascular clots were found in 262 segments on DE-CTPA and perfusion defects in 266 segments were identified on DE-CTLP, while 268 segments were positive on scintigraphy. (2) The perfusion defects on DE-CTLP were correlated well with the clots on CTPA ( r = 0. 883, P < 0. 01 ). The Dual energy CT Lung perfusion imaging had a good consistence with scintigraphy (Kappa = 0. 940, P <0. 01 ). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were 96. 2% (279/290), 98.0%(641/654), 95. 5% (279/292) and 98. 3% (641/652), respectively. (3)The radiation dose of DE-CTPA and CE-CTLP scan was(4. 37 ± 0. 47) mSv by using CareDose 4D technique. Conclusion DE-CTPA and CE-CTLP can provide pulmonary vascular morphology and parenchyma perfusion information which are useful and valuable for the diagnosis of PE.
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This study was aimed to investigate the correlation of thrombosis with increased platelet turnover in essential thrombocythemia. According to presence or absence of thrombosis, 26 patients with ET were divided into two groups. Reticulated platelets (RP) were measured by flow cytometry and 26 healthy volunteers were selected as healthy controls. The ET patients with thrombosis were treated with hydroxyurea and interferon-alpha. The results demonstrated that the ET patients with thrombotic events had a significantly higher RP percentage (14.8% +/- 7.2%) than that in both asymptomatic ET patients (4.5% +/- 2.3%) and normal control (3.3% +/- 1.5%), (P < 0.05); the RP percentage in asymptomatic ET patients did not differ significantly from controls. ET patients with thrombosis also had a significantly higher absolute RP (ARP) count than those in ET patients without thrombosis [(176 +/- 37) x 10(9)/L vs (46 +/- 12) x 10(9)/L]. The ET patients with thrombosis were successfully treated with hydroxyurea plus INF-alpha, the RP percentage and ARP counts obviously reduced. In conclusion, when the ET patients had thrombotic events, those patients had a significantly higher RP percentage and ARP compared with patients without thrombosis and healthy controls. The ET patients with thrombosis were successfully treated with hydroxyurea plus INF-alpha.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Blood Platelets , Cell Biology , Physiology , Platelet Count , Thrombocythemia, Essential , Blood , Thrombosis , BloodABSTRACT
To clone human interleukin-26 (hIL-26) and express it in E. coli efficiently. Two pairs of primers were synthesized according to the hIL-26 gene reported on GenBank. The hIL-26 gene was cloned by nest PCR following the first round RT-PCR from human peripherial blood monocytes total RNA, and then the PCR product was cloned into pMD18-T vector. Colony PCR, restriction analysis and sequence analysis showed that the gene cloned was the same as the reported hIL-26. The recombinant was cut with BamHI and EcoR I to obtain the hIL-26 fragment, and then the fragment was inserted into pBV220 which was cut with the same enzymes. The recombinant expression vector was induced to express hIL-26 at 42 degrees C, SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the recombinant protein accounted for up to 20% of the whole protein of E. coli, and the protein was also confirmed by Western blotting. Purity of the protein was found to be above 90% after purified with molecular sieve. After renaturalized with glutathione buffer, the promoting effect of it on the production of IFN-y in PBMC was detected by RT-PCR. A recombinant bacterial strain for expressing hIL-26 with biological activity was constructed successfully.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cloning, Molecular , Escherichia coli , Genetics , Metabolism , Interleukins , Genetics , Recombinant Proteins , Genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Objective To Analyze the effect of community-based integrative intervention on hypertension.Methods Among six residential areas,randomly chose four as the intervention group and the another two as the control group.Then a synthetical intervention was carried out to the intervention group,but no measures to the control.Results In the intervention group,the patients' systolic and diastolic pressure were eventually lower by 5.25 mm Hg than the datum line.The final result was obviously different from the datum line(P0.05).Conclusion The community-based integrated intervention plays a great role in the control of high blood pressure.
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<p><b>AIM</b>To evaluate the effects of surfactants on the pharmacokinetics and distribution in rats after intravenous administration of SOD liposomes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The liposomes were prepared by reverse phase evaporation method. The activity of SOD was assayed by method of xanthine oxidase.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The T1/2 of SOD solution, common SOD liposome, SOD liposomes modified by DSPE-PEG2000 and Tween 80 were 0.25, 0.34, 0.66 and 0.41 h, respectively; AUC were 12.48, 24.66, 41.16 and 33.02 microg x h x mL(-1), respectively. Compared with the common liposome, the liposomes modified by DSPE-PEG and Tween 80 decreased the content of SOD in liver and spleen, but increased in brain.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The three kinds of liposomes could increase T1/2 and AUC in some extent, especially in PEG-L group. Tween-L could increase the SOD content in brain, and PEG-L could decrease the SOD content in the liver and spleen compared with the common liposome.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Area Under Curve , Brain , Injections, Intravenous , Liposomes , Liver , Polysorbates , Pharmacology , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Spleen , Superoxide Dismutase , Pharmacokinetics , Surface-Active Agents , Pharmacology , Tissue DistributionABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To study the permeability of nerve growth factor (NGF) liposomes (NGF-L, NGF-SSL, NGF-SSL-T) on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) model and the distribution in vivo, and analyze the correlation between the results in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The BBB model in vitro was established by using mouse brain microvascullar endothelial cell, and the model was applied to study the permeability of NGF liposomes. The distribution of NGF of each group was studied by 125I labeled and SDS-PAGE method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The highest encapsulation proportion was 34%, and the mean size of NGF liposomes was below 100 nm. The permeability of NGF liposomes on in vitro BBB model showed that the liposome could promote NGF to transport across the BBB, the permeability of NGF-SSL-T was the highest. The distribution in the brain showed in an order of NGF concentration NGF-SSL-T > NGF-SSL + RMP-7 > NGF-SSL > NGF-L. There was a close relationship between P(e) (permeability coefficient on in vitro BBB model) and BUI (brain uptake constant in vivo).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Liposomes can promote NGF to transport across the BBB, and the transporting ability BBB of NGF-SSL-T which RMP-7 incorporated into the surface of NGF liposomes is the best.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Rats , Biological Transport , Blood-Brain Barrier , Bradykinin , Pharmacology , Brain , Metabolism , Cell Membrane Permeability , Drug Delivery Systems , Endothelial Cells , Cell Biology , Liposomes , Nerve Growth Factor , Pharmacokinetics , Particle Size , Tissue DistributionABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To study the therapeutic efficiency of amphotericin B liposome (AmB-L) targeting to the brain in mice with meningitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Amphotericin B liposome targeting to the brain were prepared by film-sonication method. Their concentration and encapsulation percentage were determined. The Candida albicans was injected into the brain of BALB/c mice and the meningitis model was set up. Then the therapeutic efficiency of amphotericin B liposome targeting to the brain was studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The encapsulation percentage of amphotericin B liposome was 93.3%. The meningitis model was set up after the Candida albicans was injected into the brain of BALB/c mice for 2 h. The therapeutic efficiency was increased after conjugating RMP-7 (the commercial nama is Cereport) to the surface of amphotericin B liposome.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The therapeutic efficiency of Amphotericin B liposome targeting to the brain in the mice with meningitis was better than that of the common amphotericin B liposome and the life of the mice in AmB-L-PEG-RMP-7 group was longer than that of the mice in AmB-L-PEG group and AmB-L-PEG + RMP-7 group.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Rats , Amphotericin B , Pharmacokinetics , Therapeutic Uses , Antifungal Agents , Pharmacokinetics , Therapeutic Uses , Biological Transport , Blood-Brain Barrier , Bradykinin , Pharmacology , Brain , Metabolism , Candida albicans , Drug Delivery Systems , Liposomes , Meningitis, Fungal , Drug Therapy , Microbiology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To target for hepatocytic cell, liposomes was modified by special ligand.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL) was conjugated with asialofeticin (AF), the ligand of asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) of hepatocyte. ASGP-R-BLM is the ASGP-R reconstructed on bilayer lipid membrane (BLM). The recognition reaction between AF-SSL and ASGP-R-BLM can be monitored by the varieties of membrane electrical parameters. The targetability of AF-SSL mediated to hepatocyte was detected by radioisotopic labeled in vitro and in vivo. The therapeutic effect of antihepatocarcinoma was observed also.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The lifetime of ASGP-R-BLM decreased with the added amount of AF-SSL. It was demonstrated that there was recognition reaction between AF-SSL and ASGP-R-BLM. The combination of AF-SSL with hepatocyte was significantly higher than that of SSL without AF-modified in vitro and in vivo. The survival time of rat for AF-SSL carriered ADM (adriamycin) group was much longer and the toxicities on heart, kidney and lung were lower than those SSL carried ADM group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is possible to actively target the cell with specific receptor by ligand modified liposomes. The result prvide scientific basis of hepatocyte targeted liposomes.</p>